By Jean Henry Mead
An estimated 20 million people in this country fear Friday the 13th. Some are so paralyzed with fear that they avoid going to work, traveling or even getting out of bed, according to the Stress Management Center and Phobia Institute in Asheville, North Carolina. The fear results in an $800 to $900 million lost in business for the day.
The fear of Friday the 13th is called paraskavedekatriaphobia or friggatriskaidekaphobia. According to folklorists, there is no written evidence of a Friday the 13th superstition in the U.S. before the 19th century. The earliest known documented reference in English occurred in an 1869 biography of Gioachino Rossin, according to the Wikipedia:
[Rossini] was surrounded to the last by admiring and affectionate friends; and if it be true that, like so many other Italians, he regarded Friday as an unlucky day, and thirteen as an unlucky number, it is remarkable that on Friday, the 13th of November, he died.
There is also a myth that having thirteen people seated at a table will result in the death of one of the diners. Were there not thirteen people at The Last Supper?
Friday has been considered an unlucky day since the 14th century when The Canterbury Tales was published. Friday has also been considered an unfortunate day to travel or start new projects. Black Friday has been associated with stock market crashes and other disasters since the 1800s. And Friday has also been known as the day that Jesus was crucified.
Another theory involves the arrest of the legendary Knights Templar. According to one expert the Knights Templar was a monastic military order founded in 1118 C.E. in Jerusalem. Their goal was to protect Christian pilgrims during the Crusades. The Knights Templar was a powerful as well as wealthy group over the next two centuries. King Phillip felt threatened by them and was determined to acquire their wealth. And on Friday, October 13, 1307, he ordered the arrest of all Knights Templar.
Today, although a large number of us are afraid to leave home on Friday the 13th, Dutch insurers report that fewer accidents are reported on this day because people are consciously more careful. However, the British Medical Journal reported in a 1993 study that there was a significant increase in traffic accidents between Friday the 6th and Friday the 13th.
So, whether you consider black cats and walking under ladders unlucky on Friday the 13th, take heart. If you toss salt over your left shoulder, carry a four leaf clover in your lapel and drink a blender full of goat’s milk seasoned with grated frog’s tongue and gnat’s eyelashes, you'll forestall any unfortunate occurrences that may happen on this day, particularly if you stay in bed and read a good book until sundown.
Showing posts with label Superstitions. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Superstitions. Show all posts
Friday, February 13, 2009
Friday, September 26, 2008
Superstitions
by Jean Henry Mead
For years I harbored a Friday the 13th superstition after I was struck by a car when 17. That superstition was reinforced over the years and culminated with the birth of my fourth daughter on April 13, a Friday.
People are superstitious about a lot of things, including death and cemeteries, which is something I can relate to. I can’t bring myself to walk over someone’s grave although I have no fear of the “occupant” haunting me. It's an eerie feeling whenever I visit a gravesite, especially while visiting old battlefields such as Antietam and Custer’s Little Big Horn. Others told me that they have experienced the same feeling, as though the spirits of the dead are hovering around them.
I can understand where the “walking under a ladder’ superstition originated. The darn thing can collapse and fall on you. Black cats? I avoid them at all costs because tripping over a cat can cause a broken hip. But some of the other Western superstitions really leave me baffled, such as “stepping on a crack will break your mother’s back.” Or tossing salt over your shoulder to blind the devil. Seven years’ worth of bad luck for breaking a mirror is another strange, unexplainable superstition. I cringe whenever I break one and if the bad luck were true, I’d have to survive another 97 years to outlive the curse. Who thinks up these things?
Eastern superstitions are even more mysterious. Koreans believe that leaving a fan in a closed room will cause the occupants to suffocate. In India, pregnant women refuse to go outside during an eclipse because it may cause their babies birthmarks. The belief is widespread because birthmarks in Iran are called 'maah-gereftegi' or eclipses.
Long held religious beliefs are often considered superstitions by some, particularly religions that believe in miracles, spirits and charms. Greek and Roman pagans, whose gods were mainly politically social, looked down on those who feared their own gods because it was considered superstitious drivel. Many superstitions began as religious practices but lost their true meanings over time. During Europe’s Christian awakening, the cross replaced pagan symbols to ward off evil, the cross a much older symbol than the religion itself.
Many ancient peoples believed in a magical bond between a weapon and the wound it caused. The Melanesians thought that if they retrieved the weapon responsible for the wound, it could be kept in a cool place to facilitate healing. But, if an enemy warrior retained the weapon, it would be hung close to a fire to further inflame the wound. Ancient Romans believed that if a man felt sorry for the injury he inflicted, spitting in the palm of his hand would alleviate the victim’s pain. And medieval Englishmen thought that anointing a weapon would encourage the wound to heal itself, a superstition reportedly still in practice in eastern England today.
Actors and theatre performers have long held superstitions such as the good luck greeting of “Break a log.” Whistling in a theatre is considered bad luck and production company green rooms are never painted green. Again, for some reason, bad luck. And you would never find a peacock roaming in or near a threater because their tail feathers were once thought to possess an evil eye. The NBC peacock must have forever put an end to that superstition.
I'm sure that most of my superstitions originate with my feisty, maternal grandmother, who lived with us during my formative years. She read coffee grounds instead of tea leaves, accurately foretelling the future, as far as I knew, and was the model for the southern "granny" in my first historical novel. I still have the good luck charm she gave me to ward off evil spirits, which seem to be increasing in numbers.
For years I harbored a Friday the 13th superstition after I was struck by a car when 17. That superstition was reinforced over the years and culminated with the birth of my fourth daughter on April 13, a Friday.
People are superstitious about a lot of things, including death and cemeteries, which is something I can relate to. I can’t bring myself to walk over someone’s grave although I have no fear of the “occupant” haunting me. It's an eerie feeling whenever I visit a gravesite, especially while visiting old battlefields such as Antietam and Custer’s Little Big Horn. Others told me that they have experienced the same feeling, as though the spirits of the dead are hovering around them.
I can understand where the “walking under a ladder’ superstition originated. The darn thing can collapse and fall on you. Black cats? I avoid them at all costs because tripping over a cat can cause a broken hip. But some of the other Western superstitions really leave me baffled, such as “stepping on a crack will break your mother’s back.” Or tossing salt over your shoulder to blind the devil. Seven years’ worth of bad luck for breaking a mirror is another strange, unexplainable superstition. I cringe whenever I break one and if the bad luck were true, I’d have to survive another 97 years to outlive the curse. Who thinks up these things?
Eastern superstitions are even more mysterious. Koreans believe that leaving a fan in a closed room will cause the occupants to suffocate. In India, pregnant women refuse to go outside during an eclipse because it may cause their babies birthmarks. The belief is widespread because birthmarks in Iran are called 'maah-gereftegi' or eclipses.
Long held religious beliefs are often considered superstitions by some, particularly religions that believe in miracles, spirits and charms. Greek and Roman pagans, whose gods were mainly politically social, looked down on those who feared their own gods because it was considered superstitious drivel. Many superstitions began as religious practices but lost their true meanings over time. During Europe’s Christian awakening, the cross replaced pagan symbols to ward off evil, the cross a much older symbol than the religion itself.
Many ancient peoples believed in a magical bond between a weapon and the wound it caused. The Melanesians thought that if they retrieved the weapon responsible for the wound, it could be kept in a cool place to facilitate healing. But, if an enemy warrior retained the weapon, it would be hung close to a fire to further inflame the wound. Ancient Romans believed that if a man felt sorry for the injury he inflicted, spitting in the palm of his hand would alleviate the victim’s pain. And medieval Englishmen thought that anointing a weapon would encourage the wound to heal itself, a superstition reportedly still in practice in eastern England today.
Actors and theatre performers have long held superstitions such as the good luck greeting of “Break a log.” Whistling in a theatre is considered bad luck and production company green rooms are never painted green. Again, for some reason, bad luck. And you would never find a peacock roaming in or near a threater because their tail feathers were once thought to possess an evil eye. The NBC peacock must have forever put an end to that superstition.
I'm sure that most of my superstitions originate with my feisty, maternal grandmother, who lived with us during my formative years. She read coffee grounds instead of tea leaves, accurately foretelling the future, as far as I knew, and was the model for the southern "granny" in my first historical novel. I still have the good luck charm she gave me to ward off evil spirits, which seem to be increasing in numbers.
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